山区城市打造区域职业教育中心的分析及建议

本文在分析永安市开展职业教育工作优势和劣势的基础上,就山区城市如何打造区域职业教育中心提出了合理化建议。     

城市化进程中的“资源尾效”和“资源诅咒”——基于中国27个煤炭城市的面板数据分析

传统城市化理论往往强调自然资源对城市发展的正面作用,却对城市化的约束和反向作用问题考虑不够。文章基于"资源尾效"和"资源诅咒"两种假说,利用1997-2012年中国27个典型煤炭城市的数据对其煤炭资源开发与城市化发展的关系进行正负效应检验。结果表明:27个煤炭城市中有16个城市出现"资源尾效",其尾效数值为0.001 755;其余11个城市出现"资源诅咒",其煤炭资源对城市化发展的影响系数为-0.207 2。可见,自然资源的开发强度要处于一个合适的水平,并同时注意资本投入、教育和制度等因素才能最大程度上提高城市化水平。     

新型城镇化对产业升级的影响效应分析

我国新型城镇化已成为经济新常态下产业升级的新思路，新型城镇化进程产生的诸多绩效是产业升级的强大动力。本文系统阐述了新型城镇化影响产业升级的作用机理，并基于数据可得性以带状选取东中西部各3个省份，每个省选取3个中大型地级市2004~2015年的面板数据作为研究样本，将新型城镇化和产业升级之间关系图和格兰杰因果检验结合，从时间和空间角度分析新型城镇化对产业升级的影响。结论表明：在时间上，2005~2011年，两者有负相关关系，2011~2015年，两者有正相关关系；在空间上，东部新型城镇化对产业升级有正向影响，中西部前者对后者无正向影响。根据实证结果和新型城镇化对产业升级的影响在时间和空间上存在差异的原因进而提出相关对策建议。     

京津冀城市可持续发展效率动态测评及比较研究——基于超效率CCR-DEA模型和Malmquist指数的度量

本文借助超效率 CCR-DEA 模型和 Malmquist 指数，对 2008~2015 年京津冀 13 个城市的可持续发展效率进行了动态测评和对应项分解。研究结果表明：（1）北京与津冀城市的可持续发展效率极为不平衡，北京大幅领先于津冀城市并有逐年扩大的趋势；津冀城市可持续发展效率的差距有逐年缩小的趋势；（2）京津冀城市作为一个整体其可持续发展效率在提高，但各城市可持续发展效率意义上的纯技术效率几乎没有提升；（3）京津冀各城市投入--产出系统虽处于可持续发展效率意义上的规模经济阶段，但不具有持续性。未来京津冀三地应充分利用建设雄安国家新区的战略性历史机遇，统一认识，密切合作，促进京津冀城市经济、社会和资源环境的协调可持续发展。     

资源环境约束下乌鲁木齐市低碳城市建设路径研究

城市是最大的温室气体排放主体和减排的主要承担者。本文以乌鲁木齐市低碳城市建设为研究对象,通过分析乌鲁木齐建设低碳城市的优劣势,提出低碳城市建设的路径,以期对乌鲁木齐市低碳城市的建设提供参考。     

The significance of digital data systems for smart city policy

Our planet is gradually moving towards an urbanized world. Modern urban agglomerations tend to turn nowadays into advanced information hubs supporting a smart management of dynamic urban systems. The currently popular notion of ‘smart cities’ aims to provide a new perspective for sustainable and high-performance strategies of city stakeholders in our ‘urban century’. In this context, digital information technology provides a new tool for efficient and effective management and planning of urban space, inter alia in the field of transportation, environment, public facilities or advanced service provision to citizens. This paper aims to offer, first, a concise overview of the emerging opportunities of information and communication technology (ICT) for smart urban policy; digital technology in particular, appears to provide novel pathways for modern planning strategies in smart cities. Against this background, the paper sketches out the complex force field of global urbanisation phenomena and highlights the data and information needs for strategic planning of cities (using inter alia as a framework the so-called ‘urban piazza’ strategy framework). Secondly, various new decision support tools that are currently emerging and that offer a new promising scope for handling complex urban management issues (for instance, on accessibility, congestion, safety or sustainability) are briefly presented. And finally, the potential of such digital data systems for urban management and policy is concisely illustrated by means of some recent applications in the area of smartphone data systems. The paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges ahead for urban policy, inter alia by paying attention to institutional and governance aspects of ‘big digital data’ management in urban systems.     

大学生医疗保险的现状分析与政策改进——基于内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市6所高校的实证研究

通过对呼和浩特市6所高校的学生访谈和问卷调查，分析得出：将大学生纳入城镇居民基本医疗保险试点范围的政策，初步实现了与公费医疗的制度转换，但还有不少问题，需要进一步的改进和完善。笔者认为，要根据大学生的生理特点、经济承受能力以及对医疗保险的需求意愿，坚持分责制的建制理念，以“重预防、保大病”为重点，建立一种以疾病预防保健为基础，基本医疗保险为核心，大额医疗保险为应急和商业保险为辅助的大学生医疗保障模式。     

Building God's City: The Political Economy of Prayer Camps in Nigeria

The proliferation of religious spaces is a relatively recent development in Nigeria. Nowadays there are more than a hundred religious camps belonging to different religious groups in the country. The most popular of these camps, the Redemption Camp of the Redeemed Christian Church of God, is located 42 kilometres outside of Lagos and measures several thousand acres. Although initially not designed as such, developments in and around Lagos have compelled the managers of the Redemption Camp to present it as an urban alternative to the city of Lagos, which is generally deemed chaotic. The prestige of this camp and its activities have led to expansive urban development that involves the creation of numerous residential estates stretching from Lagos to beyond the Redemption Camp. Based on a recent ethnographic study of the Redemption Camp, this article argues that the process of urban expansion in and around Lagos is propelled by an aggressive form of religious revival that transcends the borders between economics, spirituality and territorial conquest. This article thus illustrates how church‐driven, religio‐urban developments follow a different logic of city making than often presumed by theorists of African cities, who generally neglect the religious forces that inform urban transformations in Africa.     

Building,Marketing and Living in an Islamic Gated Community: Novel Configurations of Class and Religion in Istanbul

This article analyses the development and marketing of Islamic gated communities in Basaksehir, Istanbul. It demonstrates how a blueprint of public–private urban development was appropriated by middle‐class Islamists. The gated communities in Basaksehir—which, at the outset, were not explicitly religious—gradually became attractive to religious actors searching for enclosed urban enclaves where Islamic communities would be protected against perceived moral‐urban threats. While urban‐religious enclaves appear to bear similarities to pre‐modern Ottoman Islamic urban enclaves, the rise of contemporary Islamic gated communities should be understood in light of the recent coming to power of the Islamist Turkish government. In cooperation with this government, housing development agencies approached Islamic investors to find capital for their public–private housing projects. One of the results of this form of urban development is that, contrary to pre‐modern Ottoman Islamic urban enclaves, the Islamic gated communities are homogenous in terms of economic class, catering specifically to the Islamic middle classes. Moreover, people who invest in Basaksehir desire an urban‐religious lifestyle that differs from the ‘traditional' religious lifestyle experienced in ‘traditional' Islamic neighbourhoods. The specific urban‐religious configuration generates a new type of Islam that better fits middle‐class values and a middle‐class lifestyle.